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Strategie = Executie

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Strategy = Execution - Notes

  1. Carlos J.F. Cândido and Sérgio P. Santos, “Strategy Implementation: What Is the Failure Rate?” Journal of Management & Organization 21(2), February 2015, pp. 237–262. www.researchgate.net/publication/264004530_Strategy_implementation_What_is_the_failure_rate
  2. Jan Rotmans is a professor of transition studies and an internationally recognized authority on transitions and sustainability.
  3. Jacques Pijl, *The New Normal: 21 Rules for Surviving in the New Economy*. Haystack Publishing, 2014.
  4. Adam Hayes, “20 Industries Threatened by Tech Disruption.” Investopedia, February 6, 2015. http://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/020615/20-industries-threatened-tech-disruption.asp.
  5. Triple Helix Research Group (Stanford University), “The Triple Helix Concept,” http://triplehelix.stanford.edu/3helix_concept.
  6. Maurits Kreijveld, The Power of Platforms: New Strategies for Innovation in a Digitalizing World. Vakmedianet, 2014.
  7. Sander Duivestein et al., a study on business turnover rates for VINT/Sogeti, presented at the “Design to Disrupt” symposium on June 17, 2014. https://www.sogeti.nl/updates/nieuws/vint-onderzoek-voorspelt-beursnoteringen-van-5-jaar-vanaf-2033.
  8. Richard N. Foster and Sarah Kaplan, *Creative Destruction: Why Companies That Are Built to Last Underperform the Market—And How to Successfully Transform Them*. Crown, 2001.
  9. Driek Desmet, Ewan Duncan, Jay Scanlan, and Marc Singe, “Six Building Blocks for Creating a High-Performing Digital Enterprise.” McKinsey & Company, September 2015. http://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/six-building-blocks-for-creating-a-high-performing-digital-enterprise
  10. Marla Capozzi, Vanessa Chan, Marc de Jong, and Erik A. Roth, “Meeting the Innovation Imperative: How Large Defenders Can Go on the Offensive.” McKinsey & Company, July 2014. http://www.mckinseyonmarketingandsales.com/meeting-the-innovation-imperative-how-large-defenders-can-go-on-the-attack
  11. James McQuivey, *Digital Disruption: Unleashing the Next Wave of Innovation*. Amazon Publishing, 2013.
  12. Clayton Christensen, *The Innovator’s Dilemma: The Revolutionary Book That Will Change the Way You Do Business*. Harvard Business Review Press, 1997.
  13. James McQuivey, *Digital Disruption*.
  14. Marc Andreessen, “Why Software Is Eating the World.” Wall Street Journal, August 20, 2011.
  15. The list comes from Vala Afshar, Chief Digital Evangelist at Salesforce
  16. Menno Lanting, Oil Tankers and Speedboats: Agile Work in the 21st Century. Business Contact, 2014.
  17. Richard P. Rumelt, *Good Strategy/Bad Strategy: The Difference and Why It Matters*, Crown Business, 2011. Martin Reeves, Knut Haanæs, and Janmejaya Sinha, *Your Strategy Needs a Strategy*, Harvard Business Review Press, 2015. Paul Leinwand and Cesare Mainardi, *Strategy that Works*. Harvard Business Review Press, 2016.
  18. Donald Sull, Rebecca Homkes, and Charles Sull, “Why Strategy Execution Unravels—and What to Do About It.” Harvard Business Review, March 2015.https://hbr.org/2015/03/why-strategy-execution-unravelsand-what-to-do-about-it.
  19. “Strategy setting and execution remain top board priorities.” Consultancy.uk, March 23, 2016, and “Execution and change are the main challenges of the strategy process.” Consultancy.nl, June 27, 2016. www.consultancy.uk/news/3431/strategy-setting-and-execution-remains-top-board-priority, www.consultancy.nl/nieuws/12613/executie-en-verandering-belangrijkste-uitdagingen-van-strategieproces.
  20. This chapter is largely based on a preliminary study that was previously published as a short paper by Turner.
  21. Steve Blank, “Why Tim Cook Is Steve Ballmer and Why He Still Has His Job at Apple.” Blog post, October 24, 2016. https://steveblank.com/2016/10/24/why-tim-cook-is-steve-ballmer-and-why-he-still-has-his-job-at-apple/
  22. Nassim Nicholas Taleb, *The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable*. Random House, 2007. *Antifragile: Things That Gain From Disorder*. Random House, 2012.
  23. Michael Moesgaard Andersen and Flemming Poulfelt, *Beyond Strategy: The Impact of Next-Generation Companies*. Routledge, 2014.
  24. Wilco Dekker and Jonathan Witteman, “Back When Hubris Still Reigned Supreme.” De Volkskrant, March 24, 2014.
  25. Brad Power, “How GE Stays Young,” Harvard Business Review, May 13, 2014. http://blogs.hbr.org/2014/05/how-ge-stays-young.
  26. Brad Power, “Make Your Organization Anti-Fragile,” Harvard Business Review, June 24, 2013. http://blogs.hbr.org/2013/06/make-your-organization-anti-fr.
  27. Annet Aris, “Is Strategy Still Strategy?” Het Financieele Dagblad, March 3, 2016.
  28. Pijl, The New Normal.
  29. Rumelt, *Good Strategy/Bad Strategy*.
  30. Pijl, *The New Normal*, pp. 64–67.
  31. See, for example, Jim Collins and Jerry I. Porras, *Built to Last*. Successful Habits of Visionary Companies, Random House Business Books, 2005; and Hans van der Loo, *Energy Boost: For Yourself, Your Team, and Your Organization—Performing Because You Want To*, Van Duuren Management, 2013.
  32. Collins and Porras, *Built to Last*.
  33. Eelke Pol, “Agility: Or How Darwin Is Right After All.” Managementsite.nl, November 1, 2011. http://www.managementsite.nl/22485/strategie-bestuur/wendbaarheid-nieuw-organiseren.html.
  34. Lee Dyer and Richard A. Shafer, “From Human Resource Strategy to Organizational Effectiveness: Lessons from Research on Organizational Agility.” Cornell University, CAHRS Working Paper No. 98-12, February 6, 1998. http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1124&context=cahrswp.
  35. Economist Intelligence Unit, “Organizational Agility: How Business Can Survive and Thrive in Turbulent Times,” March 2009. http://www.emc.com/collateral/leadership/organisational-agility-230309.pdf.
  36. Scott Keller and Colin Price, *Beyond Performance: How Great Organizations Build Ultimate Competitive Advantage*, Wiley, 2011.
  37. See http://seca.nu/.
  38. Jay W. Lorsch and Emily McTague, “Culture Is Not the Culprit.” Harvard Business Review, April 2016.
  39. Pijl, *The New Normal*, pp. 76–77.
  40. Pijl, The New Normal, p. 77.
  41. Jacques Pijl, Digital Innovation: Disrupt or Be Disrupted! Test Your Organization’s Innovation & Digital Quotient. Turner, June 9, 2016. https://www.turner.nl/wp-content/uploads/160705-Digitale-Innovatie-Turner-White-paper-juni-2016.pdf
  42. Desmet et al., “Six Building Blocks for Creating a High-Performing Digital Enterprise.” http://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/six-building-blocks-for-creating-a-high-performing-digital-enterprise
  43. Angela Maiers, “Making Serendipity Tactical: Is Randomness Part of Your Leadership Strategy?” Swithandshift.com, December 29, 2013. http://switchandshift.com/making-serendipity-tactical-is-randomness-part-of-your-leadership-strategy.
  44. Pijl, Digital Innovation: Disrupt or Be Disrupted!
  45. McQuivey, *Digital Disruption*.
  46. Pijl, Digital Innovation.
  47. Lanting, Oil Tankers, and Speedboats.
  48. George Westerman et al., *Leading Digital: Turning Technology into Business Transformation*.
  49. Robert J. Gordon (2016). *The Rise and Fall of American Growth: The U.S. Standard of Living since the Civil War*. Princeton University Press.
  50. Jim Collins, *Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap… and Others Don’t*. Random House Business Books, 2001.
  51. Tom Peters, *The Little Big Things: 163 Ways to Pursue EXCELLENCE*. HarperCollins, 2010.
  52. Arrow. The New Normal.
  53. Robbert de Ruijter, “#2ADVANCE: Every AFAS Employee Aims for a 9.” AFAS Blog, http://blog.afas.nl/insite-afas/2advance.
  54. Anneke Goudswaard, Ellen van Wijk, and Sarike Verbiest, “The Future of Flexibility: A TNO Study on Flexibility Strategies of Dutch Companies.” TNO, May 9, 2014. https://www.tno.nl/downloads/de_toekomst_van_flex_tno_rapport.pdf.
  55. Gallup, “State of the Global Workplace: Employee Engagement Insights for Business Leaders Worldwide,” 2013. http://www.gallup.com/services/178517/state-global-workplace.aspx.
  56. Keller and Price, *Beyond Performance*.
  57. Gallup, “State of the Global Workplace” (2013)
  58. Allison Rimm, “Tips for Energizing Your Exhausted Employees,” Harvard Business Review, November 26, 2013. http://blogs.hbr.org/2013/11/tips-for-energizing-your-exhausted-employees.
  59. Sean Graber, “The Two Sides of Employee Engagement.” Harvard Business Review, December 4, 2015. https://hbr.org/2015/12/the-two-sides-of-employee-engagement
  60. Roderick Tingen, “No Nonsense from The Hague,” Andere Tijden, February 5, 2012. http://anderetijden.nl/aflevering/173/Geen-Haags-geleuter.
  61. Tom Peters, “EXCELENCE: Tuck in the Shower Curtain,” YouTube, May 16, 2012. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2dQXDiicghQ.
  62. Martin Sommer, “Virtue and Politics.” De Volkskrant, March 22, 2014.
  63. Manfred F. R. Kets de Vries, *Leadership Unraveled: A Guide*, Nieuwezijds Publishing, 2003.
  64. Also found in Sun Tzu’s *The Art of War*. *The Ancient Classic: When surrounding an enemy, allow him an outlet*. Capstone, 2010.
  65. Peter Killing, Thomas Malnight, and Tracey Keys, *Must-Win Battles: Creating the Focus You Need to Achieve Your Key Business Goals*. Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2005.
  66. Scott Belsky, “Thinking: Sometimes it’s best to break through, not circumvent,” https://www.facebook.com/scottbelsky/posts/10100981388805765, April 16, 2013.
  67. Hans Verbraeken, “The Lesson from Imtech: Taking Over Sounds So Easy, but It’s So Hard.” Het Financieele Dagblad, August 27, 2015.
  68. Dan Rockwell, “The Power and Freedom of Focus,” Leadership Freak blog, September 15, 214. https://leadershipfreak.wordpress.com/2014/09/15/the-power-and-freedom-of-focus.
  69. Daniel Goleman, “Eight Must-Have Competencies for Future Leaders,” DanielGoleman.info, July 1, 2014. http://www.danielgoleman.info/daniel-goleman-eight-must-have-competencies-for-future-leaders.
  70. Chris Zook and James Allen, *The Founders’ Mentality: How to Overcome the Predictable Crises of Growth*. Harvard Business Review Press, 2016.
  71. George Kohlrieser, Susan Goldsworthy, and Duncan Coombe, *Care to Dare: Unleashing Astonishing Potential Through Secure Base Leadership*. Jossey-Bass, 2012.
  72. Kathy Caprino, “How Much Has Our Perception of Great Leadership Shifted Over the Past Decade, and What Has Changed?” Forbes, August 29, 2015. http://www.forbes.com/sites/kathycaprino/2015/08/29/how-much-has-our-perception-of-great-leadership-shifted-over-the-past-decade-and-what-has-changed/2/#7f2a65067187.
  73. Jessica Leitch, David Lancefield, and Mark Dawson, “10 Principles of Strategic Leadership.” Strategy + Business, May 18, 2016. http://www.strategy-business.com/article/10-Principles-of-Strategic-Leadership?gko=25cec.
  74. See, for example, Daniel Goleman and Richard E. Boyatzis, “Social Intelligence and the Biology of Leadership.” Harvard Business Review, September 2008., https://hbr.org/2008/09/social-intelligence-and-the-biology-of-leadership.
  75. Radboud University Nijmegen, “Mirror Neurons More Social Than Previously Thought.” Kennislink.nl, May 30, 2007. http://www.kennislink.nl/publicaties/spiegelneuronen-socialer-dan-gedacht.
  76. Kate Everson, “EQ: A Study in Manipulation.” Chief Learning Officer, June 17, 2014. http://www.clomedia.com/articles/5687-eq-a-study-in-manipulation. See also Pijl, The New Normal, pp. 133 and 173–174.
  77. Ron Ashkenas, “The Problem with Executive Isolation.” Harvard Business Review, July 9, 2013. http://blogs.hbr.org/2013/07/why-we-isolate-senior-leaders.
  78. Peters, *The Little Big Things*.
  79. Ashkenas, “The Problem with Executive Isolation.”
  80. W. Christian Buss (DeSales University) and Rosalie Kuyvenhoven (Turner Consulting), “Perceptions of European Middle Managers of Their Role in Strategic Change.” Global Journal of Business Research, Vol. 5, No. 5, 2011.
  81. Drucker Institute, “Time Again for Better Time Management.” January 14, 2013. www.druckerinstitute.com/2013/01/better-time-management/
  82. Jan Tromp, “John de Mol. In Uncle John’s Talpa Hut, There’s No Room for Dissent,” De Volkskrant, January 31, 2012.
  83. Peter Bekkering, “Helena Ohlsson: Branding IKEA-FM Is the Biggest Challenge,” FMM.nl, October 7, 2012. www.fmm.nl/topics/facilitaire-organisatie/achtergrond/helena-ohlsson-branding-ikea-fm-grootste-uitdaging.
  84. Jim Collins and Morten T. Hansen, *Great by Choice: Uncertainty, Chaos, and Luck—Why Some Thrive Despite Them All*. HarperBusiness, 2011.
  85. Holly Green, “Slowing Down to Go Fast.” Forbes, January 15, 2013., http://www.forbes.com/sites/work-in-progress/2013/01/15/slowing-down-to-go-fast.
  86. Raphael Klees, “Verne Harnish: Don’t Play to Avoid Losing—Play to Win.” MKB Servicedesk, November 14, 2013. www.mkbservicedesk.nl/8242/verne-harnish-speel-niet-niet-verliezen.htm.
  87. Jocelyn R. Davis, Henry M. Frechette, Jr., and Edwin H. Boswell, *Strategic Speed: Mobilize People, Accelerate Execution*, Harvard Business Press, 2010, Figures 1-2 and 1-3.
  88. Coert Visser, “5 Progress-Oriented Questions: A Powerful Sequence.” Progressiegerichtwerken.nl, July 14, 2012. http://progressiegerichtwerken.nl/5-progressiegerichte-vragen-een-krachtige-sequentie.
  89. “Van Gaal: We haven’t achieved anything yet,” NOS, June 13, 2014. http://nos.nl/artikel/660781-van-gaal-we-hebben-nog-niets.html.
  90. Henry Mintzberg, “The Design School: Reconsidering the Basic Premises of Strategic Management,” Strategic Management Journal, March/April 1990.
  91. John F. Kennedy, “John F. Kennedy Speeches. President Kennedy’s Special Message to Congress on Urgent National Needs, May 25, 1961.” http://www.jfklibrary.org/Research/Research-Aids/JFK-Speeches/United-States-Congress-Special-Message_19610525.aspx.
  92. Jelle Brandsma, “We Must Seek a New Form of Capitalism,” Trouw, October 18, 2011.
  93. Jeroen Geelhoed, Salem Samhoud, and Nur Hamurcu, *Creating Lasting Value: How to Lead, Manage, and Market Your Stakeholder Value*. Kogan Page Publishers, 2014.
  94. Starbucks Corporation, “Starbucks Company Timeline,” http://www.starbucks.com/about-us/company-information/starbucks-company-timeline, 2016.
  95. Jim Collins and Jerry Porras, *Successful Habits of Visionary Companies*. HarperBusiness, 1994.
  96. Salim Ismail and Yuri van Geest, Exponential Organizations: Why New Organizations Are Ten Times Better, Faster, and Cheaper—and How You Can Be, Too. Business Contact, 2015.
  97. “That two-kilometer-long Dutch mountain is coming,” Algemeen Dagblad, August 31, 2011.
  98. Simon Sinek, *Start With Why: How Great Leaders Inspire Everyone to Take Action*. Portfolio Penguin, 2009.
  99. See also Simon Sinek, “How Great Leaders Inspire Action,” www.ted.com/talks/lang/nl/simon_sinek_how_great_leaders_inspire_action.html, September 2009.
  100. Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton. *The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy Into Action*. Harvard Business Review Press, 1996.
  101. Michael Porter, *Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors*. Free Press, New York, 1980.
  102. Martin Reeves, *Your Strategy Needs a Strategy: How to Choose and Execute the Right Approach*. Harvard Business School Press, 2015.
  103. Martin Reeves, Claire Love, and Philipp Tillmanns, “Your Strategy Needs a Strategy.” Harvard Business Review, September 2012.
  104. H. Igor Ansoff, “Strategies for Diversification,” Harvard Business Review, September–October 1957.
  105. Michael Treacy and Fred Wiersema. “Customer Intimacy and Other Value Disciplines,” Harvard Business Review, January–February 1993.
  106. See, for example, Pascal Spelier, “Infographic: V&D vs. Coolblue, Bol.com, and Wehkamp.nl.” Sprout, February 10, 2015. http://www.sprout.nl/artikel/infographic-vd-versus-coolblue-bolcom-en-wehkampnl. See also Brad Power, “Operational Excellence, Meet Customer Intimacy.” Harvard Business Review, March 29, 2013. https://hbr.org/2013/03/operational-excellence-meet-cu. And Steven Van Belleghem, “No Longer a Choice Between Operational Excellence and Customer Intimacy.” Marketingfacts.nl, November 26, 2014. http://www.marketingfacts.nl/berichten/niet-meer-kiezen-tussen-operational-excellence-en-customer-intimacy. Airbnb and Uber do indeed score highly on both Customer Intimacy and Operational Excellence.
  107. Mike Wade, “Forget Strategy, Embrace Agility.” IMD.org. http://www.imd.org/research/challenges/TC095-15-embrace-agility-wade.cfm.
  108. Killing, Malnight, and Keys, *Must-Win Battles*, p. 3.
  109. Pijl, *The New Normal*, pp. 68–69.
  110. Rumelt, *Good Strategy/Bad Strategy*.
  111. Ken Favaro, “Defining Strategy, Implementation, and Execution.” Harvard Business Review, March 31, 2015. https://hbr.org/2015/03/defining-strategy-implementation-and-execution.
  112. Elizabeth Harrin, “Z to A: Making the Zombie Project More Agile.” BCS Books Blog, February 3, 2014. http://www.bcs.org/content/conBlogPost/2284.
  113. Lowell L. Bryan, “Just-In-Time Strategy for a Turbulent World,” in: McKinsey Quarterly, June 2002. http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/strategy/just-in-time_strategy_for_a_turbulent_world June 2002.
  114. Lean Six Sigma.nl, “What Is Lean Six Sigma?” LeanSixSigma.nl, 2016. http://www.sixsigma.nl/wat-is-lean-six-sigma.
  115. George Eckes, *The Six Sigma Revolution: How General Electric and Others Turned Process into Profits*, John Wiley & Sons, 2002.
  116. INK, “INK Philosophy,” http://www.ink.nl/over-ink/filosofie.
  117. INK, “INK Evaluation,” http://www.ink.nl/assessments/evaluatie.
  118. Peter Hines, Pauline Found, Gary Griffiths, and Richard Harrison, *Staying Lean: Thriving, Not Just Surviving*, CRC Press, 2010.
  119. Charles A. O’Reilly and Michael L. Tushman, “The Ambidextrous Organization.” Harvard Business Review, April 2004. https://hbr.org/2004/04/the-ambidextrous-organization.
  120. Eric Ries, *The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses*. Penguin Books Limited, 2011.
  121. Marijn Mulders, Excerpt from *The Lean Startup* by Eric Ries. Tolo Branca, September 2015. http://www.tolobranca.nl/wp-content/uploads/Uittreksel.pdf.
  122. John Kotter, *Accelerate* (XLR8). Building Strategic Agility for a Faster-Moving World.
  123. Alexander Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, *Business Model Generation: A Handbook for Visionaries, Game Changers, and Challengers*. John Wiley & Sons, 2009.
  124. Alexander Osterwalder, “6 Roles That Can Position Your Company for the Future.” Strategyzer, August 17, 2015. http://blog.strategyzer.com/posts/2015/8/17/chief-internal-ambassador-bridge-builder-for-future-company.
  125. Keller and Price, *Beyond Performance*, p. 94. Note: The iceberg model is based on Freud’s theory of how the human brain works. There are many different variations of the iceberg model, including those found in management literature. A well-known example is Wilfried Krüger’s Change Management Iceberg; see http://www.data-group.com.au/change-management-iceberg.
  126. Verne Harnish, “Maximizing Your Return on Luck: The Key Strategic Insight.” Gazelles.com, November 30, 2012. https://www.gazelles.com/article/maximizing-yout-return-on-luck-the-key-strategic-insight.
  127. Jim Collins, “Good to Great,” JimCollins.com, October 2001. http://www.jimcollins.com/article_topics/articles/good-to-great.html.
  128. Dan Rockwell, “15 Ways to Generate Urgency Now,” Leadership Freak blog, May 20, 2014. https://leadershipfreak.wordpress.com/2014/05/20/15-ways-to-generate-urgency-now.
  129. Peter Meyers and Shann Nix, *As We Speak: How to Make Your Point and Have It Stick*. Atria, 2011.
  130. Carolyn Aiken and Scott Keller, “The Irrational Side of Change Management.” McKinsey Quarterly, April 2009. www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/the-irrational-side-of-change-management.
  131. Timothy J. Kloppenborg and Debbie Tesch, “How Executive Sponsors Influence Project Success.” MIT Sloan Magazine, Spring 2015. http://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/how-executive-sponsors-influence-project-success/
  132. John P. Kotter, *Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail*. Harvard Business Review Press, 1996.
  133. See, for example, Wim Hoving and Jan van Bon. The ISM Method: The Past, Present, and Future of IT Service Management. Version 3. Academic Service, 2012. A TBV table schematically presents all Tasks, Authorities, and Responsibilities within a company, department, or project. A TBV table can be developed according to the RACI model. A RACI table indicates who has which role: Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, or Informed. The Responsible person(s) perform the necessary tasks. The Accountable person bears ultimate responsibility for the result. Those Consulted are consulted and have provided advice. Those Informed must be kept informed but do not actively contribute to the final result.
  134. Keller and Price, *Beyond Performance*.
  135. Kaplan and Norton. The Balanced Scorecard.
  136. Osterwalder and Peigneur, *Business Model Generation*.
  137. Marina Krakovsky, “Lean Startup and Design Thinking: Getting the Best Out of Both, How to Create a Customer-Centric Venture.” Insights by Stanford Business, September 20, 2016. http://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/lean-startup-design-thinking-getting-best-out-both
  138. Louise Lee, “Managers Are Not Always the Best Judges of Creative Ideas.” Stanford Business, January 2016. http://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/managers-are-not-best-judge-creative-ideas
  139. Jane Perdue, “3 Ways to Harness the Power of Serendipity.” ToddNielsen.com. http://www.toddnielsen.com/international-leadership-blogathon/3-ways-harness-power-serendipity.
  140. Mary Neumeier, “Keep Your Ideas in a Liquid State.” Medium, April 16, 2014. https://medium.com/rules-of-genius/keep-your-ideas-in-a-liquid-state-566ba7c81620#.nr314vo42.
  141. Westerman et al., *Leading Digital*
  142. Joao Dias, Oana Ionutiu, Xavier Lhuer, and Jasper van Ouwerkerk, “The Four Pillars of Distinctive Customer Journeys.” McKinsey, September 2016. http://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/digital-mckinsey/our-insights/the-four-pillars-of-distinctive-customer-journeys
  143. David Court, Dave Elzinga, Susan Mulder, and Ole Jørgen Vetvik, “The Consumer Decision Journey.” McKinsey Quarterly, June 2009. http://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/marketing-and-sales/our-insights/the-consumer-decision-journey
  144. Robert-Jan van Nouhuys, “Customer Journey Mapping: Customer Experience as Inspiration for Strategy and Design.” Frankwatching.nl, March 29, 2011. https://www.frankwatching.com/archive/2011/03/29/customer-journey-mapping-klantervaring-als-inspiratie-voor-strategie-en-ontwerp/
  145. Harald Fanderl and Jesko Perrey, “Best of Both Worlds: Customer Experience for More Revenue and Lower Costs.” McKinsey & Company, April 2014. http://www.mckinseyonmarketingandsales.com/best-of-both-worlds-customer-experience-for-more-revenues-and-lower-costs
  146. Michael Hammer and James Champy, *Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution*. Harper Business, 1993.
  147. For the quote by Albert Einstein: https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Albert_Einstein
  148. Edward H. Schein, *Corporate Culture as the Soul of the Company: Sense and Nonsense About Cultural Change*. Scriptum, 2006.
  149. Mike Hoogveld, Agile Management: Working Quickly and Flexibly Toward Continuous Improvement in Organizations. Van Duuren Management, 2016. p. 84.
  150. Ibid., p. 6.
  151. Rini van Solingen and Eelco Rustenburg, *The Power of Scrum: An Inspiring Story About a Revolutionary Project Management Method*. Pearson Benelux, 2010.
  152. Osterwalder and Pigneur, *Business Model Generation*.
  153. Van Solingen and Rustenburg, The Power of Scrum, p. 26: “The product owner is responsible for describing what needs to be built. In Scrum terms, this description is called the ‘product backlog.’ […] The product backlog describes what needs to be done to the product.”
  154. Nir Eyal, “The Strange (But Effective) Way I Stick to Hard Goals.” Nir & Far. http://www.nirandfar.com/2016/01/habits-overhyped-heres-really-works.html.
  155. Scott Keller, Mary Meaney, and Caroline Pung, “What Successful Transformations Have in Common: Results of the McKinsey Global Survey.” March 2010. http://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/what-successful-transformations-share-mckinsey-global-survey-results
  156. Michael L. Bingham, “Six Source Model of Influence.” A Magazine, July 2, 2014. http://blog.octanner.com/leadership/six-source-model-of-influence.
  157. Christopher Smith, “Some Fun Change Management Exercises for Improvement.” Change Management Newsletter, November 2013. http://change.walkme.com/some-fun-change-management-exercises-for-improvement.
  158. For Managing Successful Programs (MSP), see, for example, Axelos, https://www.axelos.com/best-practice-solutions/msp. For OGSM, see Marc van Eck and Ellen van Zanten, *Business Plan on One A4 Page: Become More Successful with OGSM*. Business Contact, 2013.
  159. Ecclesiastes 1:2, NBG51.
  160. Jeff Jordan, Anu Hariharan, Frank Chen, and Preethi Kasireddy, “16 Startup Metrics.” Andreessen Horowitz, August 21, 2015. http://a16z.com/2015/08/21/16-metrics.
  161. Mulders, Excerpt from *The Lean Startup* by Eric Ries.
  162. Ries, *The Lean Startup Model*.
  163. Mulders, Excerpt from *The Lean Startup* by Eric Ries.
  164. Hariharan, Chen, and Jordan, “16 More Startup Metrics.” Andreessen Horowitz, September 23, 2015. http://a16z.com/2015/09/23/16-more-metrics.
  165. Torben Rick, “Top 10+ Performance Management Failures.” Meliorate, September 8, 2014. https://www.torbenrick.eu/blog/performance-management/sins-of-performance-management.
  166. Sander Hoogendoorn, *This Is Agile*. Pearson Education, 2012. p. 15
  167. Bert Hedeman, Henny Portman, and Ron Seegers, *Managing Agile Projects*. Van Haren Publishing, 2014. p. 4. See also Agile Alliance, “12 Principles Behind the Agile Manifesto.” https://www.agilealliance.org/agile101/12-principles-behind-the-agile-manifesto/
  168. Hedeman, Portman, and Seegers, *Managing Agile Projects*, p. 5.
  169. See Pijl, *The New Normal*.
  170. See Hedeman, Portman, and Seegers, *Managing Agile Projects*; Hoogendoorn, *This Is Agile*; and Van Solingen and Rustenburg, *The Power of Scrum*.
  171. Michel Anteby and Rakesh Khurana, “A New Vision.” Harvard Business School Baker Library, 2007. http://www.library.hbs.edu/hc/hawthorne/anewvision.html.
  172. ING, “Agile Work at ING.” https://www.ing.jobs/Nederland/Over-ING/Wat-ING-biedt/Agile-werken.htm.
  173. Henrik Kniberg and Anders Ivarsson, *Scaling Agile @ Spotify with Tribes, Squads, Chapters & Guilds*. Spotify, October 2012. https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/1018963/Articles/SpotifyScaling.pdf.
  174. Michelle A. Borkin, “Beyond Memorability: Visualization, Recognition, and Recall.” IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. Vol. 22, No. 1, January 31, 2016.
  175. Jack Welch, “Why I Love Micromanaging And You Should Too.” LinkedIn blog, January 2016. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/why-i-love-micromanaging-you-should-too-jack-welch
  176. Claudio Feser, Fernanda Mayol, and Ramesh Srinivasan, “Decoding Leadership: What Really Matters.” McKinsey Quarterly, January 2015. www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/leadership/decoding-leadership-what-really-matters.
  177. Roger Sessions, “A Comparison of the Top Four Enterprise Architecture Methodologies.” Microsoft, May 2007. https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb466232.aspx
  178. David L. Cooperrider and Diana Whitney, *Appreciative Inquiry: A Positive Revolution in Change*. Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 2005.
  179. Claus Benkert and Nick van Dam, “Experiential Learning: What’s Missing in Most Change Programs.” McKinsey & Company, August 2015. http://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/operations/our-insights/experiential-learning-whats-missing-in-most-change-programs
  180. See Keller and Price, *Beyond Performance*, to learn how “reinforcement mechanisms” can be used to incorporate new working methods into standard processes and mechanisms.
  181. Office of Government Commerce, Managing Successful Programs. TSO, 2007. See also Michiel Ruzius, MSP® Compact: A Handy Overview of the Managing Successful Programs Methodology. PTG Publishers, 2012.
  182. Paul Hesselman and Ine Groen-Waterreus, NCB Version 3. Dutch Competence Baseline. Van Haren Publishing, 2007.
  183. 182. AXELOS, Managing Successful Projects with PRINCE2®. TSO, 2009.
  184. Rudy Kor, Jo Bos, and Theo van der Tak, *Project Canvas: Getting to the Heart of Your Project Together*. Vakmedianet, 2016.
  185. Fiona Czerniawska and Peter Smith, *Buying Professional Services: How to Get Value from Consultants and Other Professional Service Providers*. Wiley, 2010.
  186. Mike Saville, “Project Management—An Ecosystem, Not a Function.” ILX Group, July 15, 2015. https://www.ilxgroup.com/news/project-management-an-ecosystem-not-a-function.
  187. Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton, *The Execution Premium: Linking Strategy to Operations for Competitive Advantage*, Harvard Business Press, 2008. See, for example, Economist Intelligence Unit, “Strategy Execution: Achieving Operational Excellence. The Benefits of Management Transparency.” EIU, November 2004. http://graphics.eiu.com/files/ad_pdfs/Celeran_EIU_WP.pdf.
  188. See, for example, Boris Ewenstein, Wesley Smith, and Ashvin Sologar, “Changing Change Management.” McKinsey & Company, July 2015. http://www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/leadership/changing-change-management And The Economist Intelligence Unit, “Why Good Strategies Fail: Lessons for the C-Suite,” EIU, 2013. http://www.pmi.org/~/media/PDF/Publications/WhyGoodStrategiesFail_Report_EIU_PMI.ashx. And Michael C. Mankins and Richard Steele, “Turning Great Strategy into Great Performance.” Harvard Business Review, July 1, 2005. https://hbr.org/2005/07/turning-great-strategy-into-great-performance.
  189. Carlos J.F. Cândido and Sérgio P. Santos, “Strategy Implementation: What Is the Failure Rate?” Journal of Management & Organization 21(2), February 2015. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264004530_Strategy_implementation_What_is_the_failure_rate.
  190. Roger L. Martin, “The Execution Trap.” Harvard Business Review, July/August 2010. https://hbr.org/2010/07/the-execution-trap.
  191. Isaiah Hankel, “Why Entrepreneurs Who Complain Are Setting Themselves Up to Fail.” Entrepreneur, June 1, 2015. https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/246498.
  192. See Rumelt, *Good Strategy/Bad Strategy*.
  193. Kotter, *Leading Change*, pp. 51–66.
  194. Conducted by the consulting firm Turner. See www.turner.nl for more information.
  195. 194. Sull, Homkes, and Sull, “Why Strategy Execution Unravels—and What to Do About It.” Sull, Homkes, and Sull write here that horizontal alignment usually works relatively well, but that things go particularly wrong with vertical and diagonal alignment. https://hbr.org/2015/03/why-strategy-execution-unravelsand-what-to-do-about-it.
  196. Michiel van der Molen, Project Management for Clients: The Four Principles of Successful Client Management, Van Haren Publishing, 2013, p. XIII.
  197. Freek Hermkens, “How to Make Lean Projects Successful: Managing Ownership in the Line.” Managementsite.nl, June 9, 2010. https://www.managementsite.nl/leanprojecten-wel-succesvol-maken.
  198. Paul Roberts, *The Economist Guide to Project Management: Getting It Right and Achieving Lasting Benefit*. Profile Books, 2012.
  199. Qualitative Research: Turner.
  200. Pijl, *The New Normal*, pp. 71–72. Based on an interview with Ben Verwaayen during the Turner Event on June 5, 2008.
  201. Ed Batista, “The Marshmallow Test for Grownups.” Harvard Business Review, September 15, 2014. https://hbr.org/2014/09/the-marshmallow-test-for-grownups. “Follow-up studies with the children later in adolescence showed a correlation between the ability to wait long enough to receive a second treat and various forms of success in life, such as higher SAT scores. And a 2011 fMRI study conducted on 59 original participants—now in their 40s—by Cornell’s B.J. Casey showed higher levels of brain activity in the prefrontal cortex among those participants who delayed immediate gratification in favor of a greater reward later on. This finding strikes me as particularly important in light of the research that has emerged over the past two decades on the critical role played by the prefrontal cortex in directing our attention and managing our emotions.’
  202. This passage can also be found in Pijl, *The New Normal*, pp. 123–127.
  203. Oliver Burkeman, “Who Goes to Work to Have Fun?” The New York Times, December 11, 2013.
  204. See, among others, Rob van Es, *Change Diagnosis: The Undercurrent of Organization*. Kluwer, 2008.
  205. Paul van Schaik, *The Performance Breakthrough: Get the Best Out of Your Team—Start with Yourself*. Van Duuren Management, 2012.
  206. Marguerite Rigoglioso, “Jeffrey Pfeffer: Untested Assumptions May Have a Big Effect.” Insights by Stanford Business, June 1, 2005. https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/jeffrey-pfeffer-untested-assumptions-may-have-big-effect.
  207. Tim Hindle, *The Economist Guide to Management Ideas and Gurus*. Profile Books, 2008.
  208. See also P. Hernandez, V. Martínez-Molés, and J. Vila, “Understanding Actual Socio-Economic Behavior as a Source of Competitive Advantage: The Role of Experimental-Behavioral Economics in Innovation,” in Luís M. Carmo Farinha et al., Handbook of Research on Global Competitive Advantage through Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Information Science Reference, 2015.
  209. See John Kotter, “Change Management vs. Change Leadership – What’s the Difference?” Forbes, July 12, 2011. http://www.forbes.com/sites/johnkotter/2011/07/12/change-management-vs-change-leadership-whats-the-difference/#658c79ca18ec; and Preston Bottger and Jean-Louis Barsoux, “Ending the Debate on a Dead-End Distinction,” The Jakarta Post, October 22, 2011. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/10/22/ending-debate-a-dead-end-distinction.html.
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  212. David Brooks, “What Is Inspiration?” The New York Times, April 15, 2016
  213. David Maister, “Why (Most) Training Is Useless.” DavidMaister.com, 2006. http://davidmaister.com/articles/why-most-training-is-useless/.
  214. Daniel Kahneman, *Thinking, Fast and Slow*. Business Contact, 2012.
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  216. Aiken and Keller, “The Irrational Side of Change Management.”
  217. Zook and Allen, *Founder’s Mentality*.
  218. Stanford Graduate School of Business, “Colin Powell: Never Show Fear or Anger.” Insights by Stanford Business, November 1, 2005. https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/colin-powell-never-show-fear-or-anger.
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  221. Marvin Bower, “Developing Leaders in a Business.” McKinsey Quarterly, November 1997. http://www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/leadership/developing-leaders-in-a-business.
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  223. See also: Juliet Vedral, “Failure for Overachievers.” The Wheelhouse Review, April 29, 2013. www.thewheelhousereview.com/2013/04/29/failure-for-overachievers. Vedral is the founder and executive editor of The Wheelhouse Review and, in his own words, an overachiever and perfectionist. “In fact, most overachievers fear failure to an unhealthy extent. Not only do we worry that a failure will somehow expose us as a fraud, but our perfect track record will have a nasty ‘F’ on it, thereby lowering our life GPA.”
  224. Alan Wurtzel, *Good to Great to Gone: The 60-Year Rise and Fall of Circuit City*. Diversion Books, 2012.
  225. Max H. Bazerman, “Becoming a First-Class Noticer,” Harvard Business Review, July–August 2014. hbr.org/2014/07/becoming-a-first-class-noticer.

Strategy = Execution. Improve, Renew and Innovate Faster

How can organizations make strategy execution their number one priority? And improve, renew and innovate faster? This I describe in my book Strategy = Execution. Strategy = execution is based on the research that Turner started years ago into the success factors of strategy execution and innovation. We interviewed 60 directors and professionals and analyzed more than 75 cases, 300 relevant books and articles.

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